ABSTRACT
La humanización del ejercicio de la medicina considera la vivencia de enfermar del paciente, así como el verdadero sentido del curar, aliviar, sanar y acompañar a la persona. Esa vivencia pone en juego la sensibilidad. La experiencia sensible y afectiva es motor de la capacidad simbólica del género humano, y el símbolo es lazo afectivo-representativo y acuerdo imaginario entre la persona y su mundo. Las imágenes, como símbolos, no pueden ser reducidas al lenguaje verbal racional. El Arte Terapia, a través de esas imágenes, acompaña a la persona en la prevención o tratamiento de enfermedades. Es una disciplina del campo de la salud en desarrollo en todo el mundo, con un creciente número de estudios que sustentan sus efectos positivos. Sus herramientas terapéuticas son la estimulación de la sensibilidad, el uso de la imagen como lenguaje, el juego creativo, la simbolización y la experiencia grupal. Su inclusión en el ámbito hospitalario tiene una fuerte razón de ser: el Arte siempre ha acompañado al hombre y a la Medicina, como otra forma de la vocación de curar. (AU)
Humanization of medical practice takes into account the patient's experience of illness, as well as the true sense to cure, to alleviate, to heal and to care about the person. Sensitiveness comes into play in that experience. The sensitive and emotional experience is the engine of the symbolic capacity of humankind; and the symbol is the representative-affective tie and the imaginary agreement between the person and his world. Images, as symbols, cannot be reduced to the rational verbal language. Art Therapy, through those images, takes care about the person in the prevention or treatment of different diseases. Art Therapy is a health-related discipline in development around the world with an increasing number of studies supporting its positive effects. Its therapeutic tools are the stimulation of the sensitivity, the use of the image as a language, the creative play, the symbolization, and the group experience. Art Therapy incorporation in the hospital setting has a strong rationale: Art has always been along with humankind and Medicine as another vocational way to heal. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Art Therapy/instrumentation , Art Therapy/methods , Art , Disease/psychology , Drawing , Creativity , Emotions , Humanization of Assistance , Imagination , MedicineABSTRACT
Este artigo descreve uma pesquisa exploratória em que se aplica técnica expressiva plástica a afásicos de expressão, vítimas de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCI) no hemisfério esquerdo. Objetivo: Investigar os resultados da intervenção realizando estudos de caso com base no método clínico e análise qualitativa, com enfoque teórico da psicologia junguiana. Método: Utiliza testes antes e depois da intervenção, como critério externo: a técnica projetiva HTP - House-Tree-Person, aponta mudanças de personalidade condizentes com as observadas no processo; o teste de percepção emocional International Affective Picture System - IAPS, e seu sistema de registro de respostas Self-Assessment Manikin - SAM, auxilia a lançar hipóteses sobre a transformação emocional dos participantes; o European Brain Injury Questionnaire - EBIQ, fornece substratos para discutir a transformação da visão dos sujeitos sobre seus próprios problemas. Mediante o método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo identifica etapas do processo expressivo com conteúdos comuns ao grupo atendido. Resultados: Os resultados dos estudos de caso, do DSC e dos instrumentos de avaliação revelam que, ao final, os participantes, sem exceção, mostraram-se fortalecidos, mais próximos da sua própria realidade e enriquecidos no contato consigo mesmos e com o mundo externo. Conclusão: Os instrumentos de avaliação o confirmam, assinalando o valor terapêutico da técnica proposta e sugerindo que esta forma de intervenção pode ser útil no processo de reabilitação de afásicos
This article describes a exploratory research that applies a plastic expressive technique in expression aphasics, victims of ischemic stroke in the left hemisphere. Objetive: Investigates the intervention results through case studies based on the clinical method and qualitative analysis, with the theoretical focus on jungian psychology. Method: It uses tests before and after the intervention, such as external criterion. The projective thechnique House-Tree-Person - HTP, shows consonant results with the ones observed on expressive process; the emotional perception test International Affective Picture System - IAPS and its response record system Self-Assessment Manikin - SAM, enables to launch hypothesis on the emotional transformation of participants; the European Brain Injury Questionnaire - EBIQ, offers substratum to discuss the transformation of the subjects own vision of their problems. Through the Collective Subject Discourse method, identifies stages of the expressive process with contents common to the group. Results: The results of the case studies, the DSC and assessment tools reveal that, in the end, the participants, without exception, were strengthened, closer to their own reality and enriched in touch with themselves and with the outside world. Conclusion: Assessment tools to confirm by ticking the therapeutic value of the proposed technique and suggesting that this form of intervention may be helpful in the process of rehabilitation of aphasic.